Competency Area R1: Clinical and Operational Management

Members of the Section of Pharmacy Practice Leaders (SPPL) identified these resources that may be incorporated into the program content in order to develop a well-rounded Health-System Pharmacy Administration and Leadership (HSPAL) resident. Below is an optional list of educational resources for residents to reference to enhance their learning experiences and is in no way a requirement for completion of their residency program or necessary for program accreditation.

• Goal R1.1: Identify patient care service opportunities.

  • Objective R1.1.1: (Evaluating) Based on one’s assessment of the scope of the pharmacy’s current services, identify any service opportunities.
    
    • Demonstrating Value – Establishing a Framework for Measuring and Reporting Outcomes (ASHP webinar)
      
      

• Goal R1.2: Participate in the development and coordination of medication-use policy improvement initiatives.

  • Objective R1.2.1: (Understanding) Develop an understanding of the formulary systems.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the pharmacy and therapeutics committee and the formulary system. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2008; 65:1272–83.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on medication-use evaluation. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 1996; 53:1953–5.
  • Objective R1.2.2: (Evaluating) Based on an assessment of the adequacy of the pharmacy’s current system for inventory control, make any needed recommendations for improvement.
    • RFID and Beyond: Application of Novel Medication Tracking Technologies (ASHP webinar)
  • Objective R1.2.3: (Evaluating) Based on an assessment of the pharmacy’s policies and procedures for the disposal of medications, make any needed recommendations for improvement (i.e. regulatory, financial, environmental impact).
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on handling hazardous drugs. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2018; 75:1996-2031.
    • USP <800> Handling Hazardous Drugs from Receipt to Disposal to Spill Control (ASHP webinar)
      
      

• Goal R1.3: Participate in assuring pharmacy compliance with internal and external compliance requirements, including legal, regulatory, safety, and accreditation requirements.

  • Objective R1.3.1: (Applying) Participate in a departmental assessment to assure compliance with applicable legal, regulatory, safety, and accreditation requirements.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines: minimum standard for pharmacies in hospitals. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2013; 70:1619–30.
  • Objective R1.3.2: (Evaluating) Develop effective strategies for reporting internal and external quality data.
    • Paradise by the Dashboard: Utilizing Data and Pharmacy Accountability Measures to Visualize Value (ASHP webinar)
    • Carmichael J, Jassar G, Nguyen PA. Healthcare metrics: Where do pharmacists add value? Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2016; 73: 1537-47.
    • Andrawis M,Ellison C, Riddle S, Mahan KC, Collins CD, Brummond P, Carmichael J. Recommended quality measures for health-system pharmacy: 2019 update from the Pharmacy Accountability Measures Work Group. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2016; 76: 874-87.
      
      

• Goal R1.4: Understand and evaluate the medication distribution process.

  • Objective R1.4.1: (Understanding) Understand pharmacy’s medication use systems.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on medication-use evaluation. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 1996; 53:1953–5.
    • Vermeulen LC, Rough SS, Thielke TS, Shane RR, Ivey MF, Woodward BW, Pierpaoli PG, Thomley SM, Borr CA, Borr, Zilz DA. Strategic approach for improving the medication-use process in health systems: The high-performance pharmacy practice framework. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2007; 64: 1699-710.
    • Vest TA, Gazda NP, Schenkat DH, Eckel SF. Practice-enhancing publications about the medication use process in 2017. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2019; 76: 667-76.
  • Objective R1.4.2: (Evaluating) Evaluate pharmacy’s medication use systems to assure practice is safe and effective.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on preventing medication errors in hospitals. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2018; 75:1493–1517.
    • Taking Action to Improve I.V. Safety in Health Systems (ASHP webinar)
  • Objective R1.4.3: (Creating) Based on assessment of the pharmacy’s medication use systems, contribute any needed recommendations for improvement.
    • Review current recipients’ of the ASHP Best Practices Award
      
      

• Goal R1.5: Design a plan and manage the daily safe and effective use of technology and automated systems.

  • Objective R1.5.1: (Analyzing) Analyze pharmacy information technology workflow to assure safe and efficient patient care.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the safe use of automated compounding devices for the preparation of parenteral nutrition admixtures. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2000; 57:1343–8.
    • American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. ASHP guidelines on the safe use of automated dispensing devices. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2010; 67:483–90.
  • Objective R1.5.2: (Creating) Design and implement an improvement related to the use of information technology and automated systems.
    • The Autonomous Pharmacy Framework: A Transformative Vision for the Medication Management Process
    • Mobile Health Apps and Wearable Devices: Interconnectivity, Security, and Patient Safety (ASHP webinar)